I whakamahia te karu hiko matawai hei tirotiro i te whati ngenge me te tātari i te tikanga whati; i taua wā anō, i whakahaerehia te whakamātautau ngenge piko hurihuri ki ngā tauira kua tangohia te waro i ngā pāmahana rerekē hei whakataurite i te roa o te ora ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau me te tango me te kore tango, me te tātari i te pānga o te tango ki te mahi ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau. E whakaatu ana ngā hua, nā te noho tahi o te waikura me te tango i te waro i roto i te tukanga whakamahana, ko te taunekeneke i waenga i te rua, ka hua ake te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia katoatia te waro me te tipu o te pāmahana e whakaatu ana i te ia o te piki me te heke, ka eke te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia katoatia te waro ki te uara mōrahi o te 120 μm i te 750 ℃, ā, ko te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia katoatia te waro ki te uara iti rawa o te 20 μm i te 850 ℃, ā, ko te rohe ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau he tata ki te 760 MPa, ā, ko te pūtake o ngā pakaru ngenge i roto i te maitai whakamātautau ko ngā whakaurunga kore-whakarewa Al2O3; Ka tino whakaitihia te roa o te ora o te maitai whakamātautau e te whanonga tango-waro, ka pā ki te mahi ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau, ka iti ake te roa o te ora ngenge ki te matotoru o te paparanga tango-waro. Hei whakaiti i te pānga o te paparanga tango-waro ki te mahi ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau, me whakatakoto te pāmahana maimoatanga wera tino pai o te maitai whakamātautau ki te 850℃.
He wāhanga nui te taputapu o te waka,nā te tere o te mahi, me kaha te wāhanga whatunga o te mata taputapu me te ātete ki te pakū, ā, me pai te mahi piko o te pakiaka niho nā te kawenga tonu, kia kore ai e pakaru ngā rauemi. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau he mea nui te tango waro e pā ana ki te mahi piko hurihuri o ngā rauemi whakarewa, ā, he tohu nui te mahi piko hurihuri o te kounga hua, nō reira me ako te whanonga tango waro me te mahi piko hurihuri o te rauemi whakamātautau.
I roto i tēnei pepa, ka tātarihia te oumu whakamahana i runga i te whakamātautau tango-waro mata maitai taputapu 20CrMnTi, ka tātarihia ngā pāmahana whakamahana rerekē i runga i te hohonutanga o te paparanga tango-waro maitai whakamātautau o te ture e huri haere ana; mā te whakamahi i te mīhini whakamātautau ngenge kurupae māmā QBWP-6000J i runga i te whakamātautau ngenge piko hurihuri maitai whakamātautau, ka whakatauhia te mahi ngenge maitai whakamātautau, ā, i te wā kotahi ka tātarihia te pānga o te tango-waro ki te mahi ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau mō te whakaputanga tuturu hei whakapai ake i te tukanga whakaputa, hei whakarei ake i te kounga o ngā hua me te whakarato i tētahi tohutoro whaitake. Ka whakatauhia te mahi ngenge maitai whakamātautau e te mīhini whakamātautau ngenge piko hurihuri.
1. Ngā rauemi me ngā tikanga whakamātautau
Rauemi whakamātautau mō tētahi waeine hei whakarato i te maitai taputapu 20CrMnTi, ko te hanganga matū matua e whakaaturia ana i te Ripanga 1. Whakamātautau tango-waro: ka tukatukahia te rauemi whakamātautau ki roto i te tauira porotaka Ф8 mm × 12 mm, me kanapa te mata, kāore he paru. I whakamahanahia te oumu maimoatanga wera ki te 675 ℃, 700 ℃, 725 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1,000 ℃, ki roto i te tauira ka pupuri mō te 1 hāora, kātahi ka whakamataohia ki te pāmahana rūma. Whai muri i te maimoatanga wera o te tauira mā te whakatakoto, te huri me te whakakanapa, me te 4% o te otinga waipiro hauota, ka whakamahia te karuārai whakarewa hei tirotiro i te paparanga tango-waro maitai whakamātautau, me te ine i te hohonutanga o te paparanga tango-waro i ngā pāmahana rerekē. Whakamātautau ngenge piko hurihuri: te whakamātautau i ngā rauemi whakamātautau kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga o te tukatuka o ngā rōpū e rua o ngā tauira ngenge piko hurihuri, kāore te rōpū tuatahi e whakahaere i te whakamātautau tango waro, te rōpū tuarua he whakamātautau tango waro i ngā pāmahana rerekē. Mā te whakamahi i te mīhini whakamātautau ngenge piko hurihuri, ka whakamahia e ngā rōpū e rua o te maitai whakamātautau hei whakamātautau ngenge piko hurihuri, te whakatau i te rohe ngenge o ngā rōpū e rua o te maitai whakamātautau, te whakataurite i te roa o te ora ngenge o ngā rōpū e rua o te maitai whakamātautau, te whakamahi i te karu hiko matawai tirotiro whati ngenge, te tātari i ngā take mō te whati o te tauira, hei tūhura i te pānga o te tango waro o ngā āhuatanga ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau.
Ripanga 1 Te hanganga matū (wāhanga papatipu) o te maitai whakamātautau wt%
Te pānga o te pāmahana whakamahana ki te tango waro
Ko te āhua o te whakaritenga tango-waro i raro i ngā pāmahana whakamahana rerekē e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 1. E kitea ana i te pikitia, ina 675 ℃ te pāmahana, kāore e puta te paparanga tango-waro i te mata tauira; ina piki te pāmahana ki te 700 ℃, ka tīmata te puta o te paparanga tango-waro mata tauira, mō te paparanga tango-waro ferrite angiangi; i te pikinga o te pāmahana ki te 725 ℃, ka nui haere te matotoru o te paparanga tango-waro mata tauira; ka eke te matotoru o te paparanga tango-waro 750 ℃ ki tōna uara mōrahi, i tēnei wā, he mārama ake, he matotoru ake te witi ferrite; ina piki te pāmahana ki te 800 ℃, ka tīmata te hekenga o te matotoru o te paparanga tango-waro, ka heke tōna matotoru ki te haurua o te 750 ℃; ina piki tonu te pāmahana ki te 850 ℃, ā, ka whakaaturia te matotoru o te tango-waro i te Pikitia 1. 800 ℃, ka tīmata te hekenga o te matotoru o te paparanga tango-waro katoa, ka heke tōna matotoru ki te 750 ℃ i te haurua; Ina piki tonu te pāmahana ki te 850 ℃ me runga ake, ka heke tonu te matotoru o te paparanga whakakorenga waro katoa o te maitai whakamātautau, ka tīmata te piki haere o te matotoru o te paparanga whakakorenga waro haurua tae noa ki te ngaro katoa te āhua o te paparanga whakakorenga waro katoa, ā, ka mārama haere te āhua o te paparanga whakakorenga waro haurua. Ka kitea ko te matotoru o te paparanga whakakorenga waro katoa i te pikinga o te pāmahana i te tuatahi ka piki ake, kātahi ka heke iho. Ko te take o tēnei āhuatanga nā te tauira i roto i te tukanga whakamahana i te wā kotahi te whanonga waikura me te whakakorenga waro. Ko te wā anake ka tere ake te tere o te whakakorenga waro i te tere o te waikura ka puta te āhuatanga whakakorenga waro. I te tīmatanga o te whakamahana, ka piki haere te matotoru o te paparanga whakakorenga waro katoa me te pikinga o te pāmahana tae noa ki te matotoru o te paparanga whakakorenga waro katoa ki te uara mōrahi, i tēnei wā ka piki tonu te pāmahana, ka tere ake te tere o te waikura tauira i te tere whakakorenga waro, ka aukati i te pikinga o te paparanga whakakorenga waro katoa, ka hua ake he ia heke. Ka kitea, i roto i te awhe o te 675 ~ 950 ℃, ko te uara o te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia katoatia te waro i te 750 ℃ te mea nui rawa atu, ā, ko te uara o te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia katoatia te waro i te 850 ℃ te mea iti rawa atu, nō reira, e taunakihia ana kia 850℃ te pāmahana whakamahana o te maitai whakamātautau.
Pikitia 1 Te āhua o te paparanga maitai whakamātautau kua tangohia te waro i puritia i ngā pāmahana whakamahana rerekē mō te 1 hāora
Ki te whakatauritea ki te paparanga kua tangohia te waro, he nui ake te pānga kino o te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia te waro ki ngā āhuatanga o te rauemi, ka tino whakaitihia ngā āhuatanga miihini o te rauemi, pērā i te whakaiti i te kaha, te pakeke, te ātete kakahu me te rohe ngenge, me ētahi atu, ā, ka whakanuia hoki te aro ki ngā kapiti, ka pā ki te kounga o te whakarewa me ētahi atu. Nō reira, he mea nui te whakahaere i te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia te waro hei whakapai ake i te mahi a te hua. E whakaatu ana te Pikitia 2 i te pihi rerekētanga o te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia te waro me te pāmahana, e whakaatu ana i te rerekētanga o te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia te waro. Ka kitea mai i te pikitia ko te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia te waro he tata ki te 34μm noa iho i te 700℃; i te pikinga o te pāmahana ki te 725℃, ka nui ake te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia te waro ki te 86 μm, he nui ake i te rua ngā wā o te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia te waro i te 700℃; Ina piki te pāmahana ki te 750 ℃, ka eke te matotoru o te paparanga kua whakakorea katoatia te waro ki te uara mōrahi o te 120 μm; i te piki haere tonu o te pāmahana, ka tīmata te heke tere o te matotoru o te paparanga kua whakakorea katoatia te waro, ki te 70 μm i te 800 ℃, kātahi ki te uara iti rawa o te 20μm i te 850 ℃.
Pikitia 2 Te matotoru o te paparanga kua whakakorea katoatia te waro i ngā pāmahana rerekē
Te pānga o te tango warowaihā ki te mahi ngenge i roto i te piko hurihuri
Hei ako i te pānga o te tango waro ki ngā āhuatanga ngenge o te maitai puna, e rua ngā rōpū whakamātautau ngenge piko hurihuri i whakahaerehia, ko te rōpū tuatahi i whakamātautau tika i te ngenge me te kore tango waro, ā, ko te rōpū tuarua i whakamātautau ngenge i muri i te tango waro i te taumata ahotea ōrite (810 MPa), ā, i puritia te tukanga tango waro i te 700-850 ℃ mō te 1 hāora. Ko te rōpū tuatahi o ngā tauira e whakaaturia ana i te Ripanga 2, arā, te roa o te ora ngenge o te maitai puna.
Ko te roa o te ora o te ngenge o te rōpū tuatahi o ngā tauira e whakaaturia ana i te Ripanga 2. E kitea ana i te Ripanga 2, me te kore e tangohia te waro, 107 noa iho ngā huringa i tukuna ki te maitai whakamātautau i te 810 MPa, ā, kāore i pakaru; i te neke atu o te taumata ahotea i te 830 MPa, ka tīmata ētahi o ngā tauira ki te pakaru; i te neke atu o te taumata ahotea i te 850 MPa, ka pakaru katoa ngā tauira ngenge.
Ripanga 2 Te roa o te ora o te ngenge i raro i ngā taumata ahotea rerekē (me te kore e tangohia te warowaihā)
Hei whakatau i te rohe ngenge, ka whakamahia te tikanga rōpū hei whakatau i te rohe ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau, ā, i muri i te tātari tatauranga o ngā raraunga, ko te rohe ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau he tata ki te 760 MPa; hei whakaahua i te roa o te ora ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau i raro i ngā taumahatanga rerekē, ka tuhia te kōpiko SN, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 3. E kitea ana i te Pikitia 3, he rerekē ngā taumata ahotea e rite ana ki te roa o te ora ngenge, ina 7 te roa o te ora ngenge, e rite ana ki te maha o ngā huringa mō te 107, ko te tikanga kei roto te tauira i raro i ēnei āhuatanga i te āhua, ka taea te whakatau tata i te uara ahotea e rite ana hei uara kaha ngenge, arā, 760 MPa. Ka kitea he mea nui te kōpiko S - N mō te whakatau i te roa o te ora ngenge o te rauemi, he uara tohutoro nui tōna.
Pikitia 3 Te kōpiko SN o te whakamātautau ngenge piko hurihuri maitai whakamātautau
Ko te roa o te ora o te ngenge o te rōpū tuarua o ngā tauira e whakaaturia ana i te Ripanga 3. E kitea ana i te Ripanga 3, i muri i te wetewete i te maitai whakamātautau i ngā pāmahana rerekē, ka tino heke te maha o ngā huringa, ā, neke atu i te 107, ā, ka pakaru ngā tauira ngenge katoa, ā, ka tino heke te roa o te ora o te ngenge. I te whakakotahitanga me te matotoru o te paparanga wetewete i runga ake nei me te pihi huringa pāmahana, ka kitea te matotoru o te paparanga wetewete 750 ℃ te mea nui rawa atu, e rite ana ki te uara iti rawa o te ora o te ngenge. Ko te matotoru o te paparanga wetewete 850 ℃ te mea iti rawa, e rite ana ki te uara o te ora o te ngenge he tino teitei. Ka kitea ko te whanonga wetewete ka tino whakaiti i te mahi ngenge o te rauemi, ā, ko te matotoru o te paparanga wetewete, ko te iti iho o te ora o te ngenge.
Ripanga 3 Te roa o te ora o te ngenge i ngā pāmahana rerekē o te tango waro (560 MPa)
I tirohia te āhua o te whati ngenge o te tauira mā te karu hiko matawai, e whakaaturia ana i te Pikitia 4. Mō te wāhi pūtake pakaru, ka kitea te āhua o te pewa ngenge mārama, kia kitea ai te pūtake o te ngenge mā te pewa ngenge, ka kitea te pūtake pakaru mō ngā whakaurunga kore-whakarewa "kanohi-ika", ka ngāwari te kukū o te ahotea, ka hua ake he pakaru ngenge; Mō te āhua o te rohe toronga pakaru, ka kitea ngā rārangi ngenge mārama, he tohatoha rite ki te awa, nō te whati wehewehe-āhua, me te whakawhānui o ngā pakaru, ā, ka mutu ka pakaru. E whakaatu ana te Pikitia 4(b) i te āhua o te rohe whakawhānui pakaru, ka kitea ngā rārangi ngenge mārama, i te āhua o te tohatoha rite ki te awa, nō te whati wehewehe-āhua, ā, me te whakawhānui tonu o ngā pakaru, ā, ka mutu ka pakaru.
Tātaritanga whati ngenge
Pikitia 4 Te āhua SEM o te mata pakaru ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau
Hei whakatau i te momo whakaurunga i roto i te Pikitia 4, i whakahaerehia he tātaritanga hanganga whānuitanga pūngao, ā, e whakaaturia ana ngā hua i roto i te Pikitia 5. Ka kitea ko ngā whakaurunga kore-whakarewa he whakaurunga Al2O3 te nuinga, e tohu ana ko ngā whakaurunga te pūtake matua o ngā kapiti i puta mai i te kapiti o ngā whakaurunga.
Ahua 5 Te Tirotiro Pūngao o ngā Whakaurunga Kore-whakarewa
Whakamutunga
(1) Mā te whakanoho i te pāmahana whakamahana ki te 850 ℃ ka whakaitihia te matotoru o te paparanga kua tangohia te waro hei whakaiti i te pānga ki te mahi ngenge.
(2) Ko te rohe ngenge o te piko hurihuri maitai whakamātautau he 760 MPa.
(3) Te whakamātautau i te pakaru o te maitai i roto i ngā whakaurunga kore-whakarewa, ko te nuinga he ranunga Al2O3.
(4) ka tino whakaitihia te roa o te ora ngenge o te maitai whakamātautau mā te tango waro, ka iti ake te roa o te ora ngenge ka matotoru ake te paparanga tango waro.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-21-2024
